Bicarbonate-containing deodorant cosmetic stick compositions

ABSTRACT

This invention provides a deodorant cosmetic stick product which has a translucent or transparent light transmitting appearance. The cosmetic stick has a content of ingredients such as sodium bicarbonate, propylene glycol, sodium stearate, Poloxomer 407, Pentadoxynol-200, and water. An invention deodorant cosmetic stick has excellent esthetics when applied underarm, such as smoothness and a comfortable dry feel, and without a visually perceptible residue.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The subject matter of this patent application is related to thatdisclosed in copending patent application Ser. No. 08/503,939, filedJul. 19, 1995; Ser. No. 08/526,269, filed Sep. 13, 1995; and Ser. No.08/655,140, filed May 30, 1996.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The subject matter of this patent application is related to thatdisclosed in copending patent application Ser. No. 08/503,939, filedJul. 19, 1995; Ser. No. 08/526,269, filed Sep. 13, 1995; and Ser. No.08/655,140, filed May 30, 1996.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Numerous solid antiperspirant and/or deodorant compositions have beendescribed in the chemical and cosmetic literature. These compositionsgenerally are emulsion sticks or suspensoid sticks. Emulsion stickscontain a solution of the antiperspirant ingredient incorporated intothe stick via an emulsion. Although emulsion sticks are desirable incertain respects, they tend to be unstable, exhibit tackiness, and leavea visible residue on the skin after use. Suspensoid sticks contain thepowdered antiperspirant ingredient suspended in the stick without theuse of water or an emulsion. While suspensoids have stability, they tendto leave a white chalky residue on the skin after application.

With respect to deodorant activity, sodium bicarbonate has long beenrecognized for its deodorant properties, and has commonly been used as ahousehold deodorant. Plain powdered sodium bicarbonate, or sodiumbicarbonate diluted with talc or other filler, has been used as anunderarm deodorant as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,382,079. Otherpublications which describe cosmetic stick compositions containing abicarbonate deodorant include U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,822,602 and 4,832,945.

However, the development of a practical and effective composition incosmetic stick form which has a deodorization capacity, and which iscapable of consumer acceptability, presents many factors which areunique. Because sodium and potassium bicarbonate have only limitedsolubility in water, alcohol and other solvents, the preparation of acomposition suitable for dispensing in cosmetic stick form has involvedmany processing obstacles. In addition to the problem of limitedsolubility, sodium bicarbonate often is incompatible with otheringredients of conventional stick compositions. Also, the dimensionalstability of the cosmetic stick containing sodium bicarbonate, and theesthetic appearance and the "feel" on the skin, are just a few of theadditional difficulties encountered in the preparation of a low residuedeodorant cosmetic stick product.

A recent trend is toward the development of cosmetic sticks which havelight transmitting properties, i.e., the cosmetic sticks are translucentor transparent in light transmitting properties, and engender aperceived appearance of purity.

Cosmetic sticks which are soap-based and which have a content of sodiumbicarbonate as a deodorant ingredient typically are opaque inappearance. U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,742 describes anhydrous and water-baseddeodorant cosmetic sticks which contain sodium bicarbonate, and whichvary from opaque to transparent in appearance as determined by theproportions of sodium bicarbonate and water, in combination with otheringredients.

There are difficulties associated with the preparation of water-basedcosmetic stick products which contain sodium bicarbonate as a deodorantingredient. Thus, the transparency properties do not have long-termstability. Acceptable degrees of hardness and smoothness are not readilyachieved, and an unpleasant cool-wetness is experienced when thecosmetic stick is applied to a skin surface.

There is continuing interest in the development of water-based deodorantcosmetic stick products which have a high degree of consumer acceptance.

Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a cosmeticstick product which is a water-based composition having an effectivedeodorizing content of particulate alkali metal bicarbonate salt.

It is another object of this invention to provide a bicarbonatesalt-containing deodorant cosmetic stick product having stabletransparency and affording a comfortable dry feel when applied to a skinsurface.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention shall becomeapparent from the accompanying description and examples.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

One or more objects of the present invention are accomplished by theprovision of a deodorant cosmetic stick product with transparency whichcomprises (1) about 0.1-8 weight percent of alkali metal bicarbonateingredient, (2) about 40-70 weight percent of polyhydric alcoholingredient, (3) about 1-8 weight percent of hydrophilic polyoxyalkyleneblock polymer clarifier-surfactant ingredient, (4) about 2-8 weightpercent of C₁₄ -C₂₂ fatty acid salt ingredient, and (5) about 10-80weight percent of water; wherein the deodorant stick product has apenetration value between about 2.0-8.0.

The alkali metal bicarbonate ingredient is selected from sodiumbicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate and mixtures thereof. Thebicarbonate salt is dispersed in the cosmetic stick solid matrix in theform of fine particles. The bicarbonate can have an average particlesize between about 10-150 microns, and typically is in the range betweenabout 20-100 microns. The bicarbonate salt also can be in the form ofencapsulated particles, such as with a coating of a xanthan gumhydrocolloid type polymer.

The bicarbonate-salt functions as a deodorant-active ingredient when acosmetic stick is applied to underarm skin. The bicarbonate saltingredient combats malodors by absorbing the objectional byproductresulting from bacterial degradation of perspiration constituents.

The transparency of an invention cosmetic stick product is directlydependent on the proportions of dissolved and undissolved bicarbonatesalt in the cosmetic stick matrix. When a cosmetic stick has a contentof about 3 weight percent of bicarbonate salt, the cosmetic stick istranslucent when the water content of the cosmetic stick is betweenabout 20-50 weight percent. Depending on the content of otheringredients which can function as clarifying agents, the cosmetic stickis essentially transparent when the water content of the cosmetic stickis between about 50-80 weight percent.

The term "transparency" as employed herein refers to invention cosmeticstick products which have translucent or transparent light transmittingproperties.

The term "transparent" refers to a clear body which has the property oftransmitting light without appreciable scattering, so that objectsbeyond are entirely visible.

The term "translucent" refers to a body which is partly transparent. Thebody admits and diffuses light, so that objects beyond cannot be clearlydistinguished.

The term "opaque" refers to a body which is impervious to visible light.An opaque body lacks any degree of transparency.

The polyhydric alcohol ingredient is selected from organic compoundswhich contain about 2-6 carbon atoms, and about 2-6 hydroxy groups.Illustrative of polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, propyleneglycol, trimethylene glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol,dipropylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, and the like, and mixturesthereof. Preferred polyhydric alcohols are those which arewater-miscible in all proportions such as ethylene glycol, propyleneglycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and glycerin.

An essential aspect of a present invention cosmetic stick product is acontent of a hydrophilic clarifier-surfactant ingredient. Theclarifier-surfactant ingredient is selected from specific structuraltypes of hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene block polymers. Suitable polymersinclude poloxomers corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## where x has anaverage value between 2-98, y has an average value between 16-67, and zhas an average value between 2-98.

Other suitable polymers include poloxamines corresponding to theformula: ##STR2## where x has a value between 4-22, and y has a valuebetween 3-122.

The term "hydrophilic" as employed herein refers to a water-dispersiblepolyoxyalkylene block polymer ingredient which has a water-solubility ofat least about two grams per one hundred grams of water at 25° C.

Illustrative of hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene block polymerclarifier-surfactants are commercial products such as Hodag Nonionic1031-L (Hodag), Synperonic PE/F38 (ICI Americas), Chemal BF-261(Chemax), Pluracare/Pluronic L-64 (BASF), Hodag Nonionic 1084-P (Hodag),Chemal BP-2101 (Chemax), Pluracare/Pluronic P-103 (BASF), SynperonicPE/L121 (ICI Americas), Macol 27 (PPG/Mazer), Tetronic 304 (BASF),Synperonic T/701 (ICI Americas), Tetronic 704 (BASF), Synperonic T/908(ICI Americas), Tetronic 1307 (BASF), Tetronic 1508 (BASF), and thelike; and similar hydrophilic poloxomer and poloxamine polymers aslisted in the CFTA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (FourthEdition), incorporated by reference.

The chemical structure and physical properties of hydrophilic Pluronicand Tetronic surfactants are described in a Technical Bulletin publishedby BASF Specialty Products (1989), incorporated by reference.

The clarifier-surfactant ingredient can comprise a single ingredientsuch as Pluronic F-127 (BASF) of Tetronic 1307 (BASF), or it can be inadmixture with one or more other poloxomers or polyoxamines. In anotherembodiment, the polyoxyalkylene block polymer clarifier-surfactant isblended with between about 0.5-60 weight percent of another hydrophilicclarifier-surfactant, based on the total clarifier-surfactant weight.Dimethicone copolyol is a preferred type of optional hydrophilicclarifier-surfactant ingredient.

The hydrophilic clarifier-surfactant ingredient contributes importantadvantages to a present invention cosmetic stick product. Theclarifier-surfactant ingredient enhances the transparency of thecosmetic stick, and stabilizes the degree of clarity over an extendedperiod of six months or longer under normal storage and usageconditions.

The clarifier-surfactant ingredient has a gelling effect, and increasesthe hardness of the cosmetic stick. The clarifier-surfactant ingredientalso functions as a compatibility enhancing agent, which improves thehomogeneity of the diverse inorganic and organic constituents in thesolid matrix.

Other advantages of the clarifier-surfactant ingredient are apparentwhen an invention cosmetic stick product is applied to an underarm skinarea. There is ease and smoothness of application, because of thephysical glidability of the clarifier-surfactant ingredient. There is animprovement in other esthetic values as well, such as a reduction in theunpleasant cool-wetness typical of cosmetic stick usage. Theclarifier-surfactant ingredient also is a contributing factor to theabsence of a visually perceptible residue as characteristic of a presentinvention cosmetic stick product after application.

A present invention cosmetic stick product includes a hardeneringredient, which preferably is selected from C₁₄ -C₂ fatty acid salts.Suitable fatty acid salts include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal,aluminum, ammonium and amine salts of fatty acids such as myristic,palmitic, stearic, behenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and the like,and mixtures thereof. Illustrative of specific fatty acid salts aresodium stearate, potassium stearate, aluminum monostearate, sodiumoleate, sodium palmitate, sodium behenate, diethylamine stearate,triethylamine stearate, triethylamine oleate, and the like.

A present invention cosmetic stick product can contain one or moreoptional ingredients such as clarifying agents, bacteriostats,antiperspirants, fragrances, colorants, and the like.

Between about 0.5-5 weight percent of a clarifying agent can be includedas an optional ingredient. Suitable clarifying agents includePentadoxynol-200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.), tetra(hydroxypropyl)diamine(Quadrol, BASF), 2-amino-2-methylpropanol (AMP, Angus Chemical Company),2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol (Tromethamine, Sigma ChemicalCompany), and the like.

Between about 0.01-0.5 weight percent of a bacteriostat can be includedas an optional ingredient. The bacteriostat functions as a deodorant bypreventing bacterial generation of malodorous degradation byproductsfrom perspiration. Typical bacteriostatic compounds include Triclosan(Ciba-Geigy), Chloracel (Reheis Chemical Company), zinc phenolsulfonate,dichloro-m-xylenol, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosine, and the like.

Between about 0.1-3 weight percent of a fragrance can be included as anoptional ingredient. The selected fragrance ingredient is one which doesnot adversely affect the clarity of the cosmetic stick product, andpreferably which contributes an odorant masking effect. Fragrancestypically are organic compounds of specific type structures, whichinclude phenolic materials, essential oils, synthetic oils, aldehydesand ketones, polycyclic compounds, esters, and alcohols. Specificfragrances are illustrated by linalyl acetate, isopropyl myristate,cedryl acetate, myrcenyl acetate, and other compounds such as thoselisted in U.S. Pat. No. 5,114,717; incorporated by reference. Thefragrance ingredient can be encapsulated with a film-forming polymersuch as polyvinyl acetate.

A present invention deodorant cosmetic stick product can be produced byblending the ingredients in a prescribed order of addition.

In a general procedure, the clarifier-surfactant and optionalingredients are added to propylene glycol with heating to form asolution. The propylene glycol solution then is blended with an aqueoussodium bicarbonate solution at about 90° C. to form a homogeneous liquidmedium. The warm liquid medium is poured into molds, and the moldedunits are cooled to room temperature to form rigid structures.

The hardness of a present invention cosmetic stick can have a valuewhich varies in the range between about 2.0-8.0, and preferably is inthe range between about 2.3-3.3.

The penetration values (in millimeters) of the cosmetic stick productsdescribed herein are measured with a Universal Penetrometer, ModelTS-73510 AN-2 (Precision Scientific Inc.).

The penetration values are obtained by following a standardizedprocedure in accordance with ASTM Method D217-94.

The following examples are further illustrative of the presentinvention. The components and specific ingredients are presented asbeing typical, and various modifications can be derived in view of theforegoing disclosure within the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLE I

This Example illustrates the preparation of a translucent deodorantcosmetic stick product in accordance with the present invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Part 1                                                                        D.I. water         35.00                                                      sodium bicarbonate.sup.(1)                                                                       3.50                                                       Part 2                                                                        propylene glycol   47.77                                                      Irgasan DP300.sup.(2)                                                                            0.28                                                       Poloxomer 407.sup.(3)                                                                            4.00                                                       Part 3                                                                        Clarit PDP-200.sup.(4)                                                                           2.50                                                       OP-100V.sup.(5)    5.00                                                       Part 4                                                                        D&C Green #5 (0.1% solution)                                                                     0.50                                                       fragrance.sup.(6)  1.45                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.(1) Grade 3 (Church & Dwight Co.).                                       .sup.(2) Triclosan (CibaGeigy).                                               .sup.(3) Polyoxyethylenepropylene block polymer (Pluronic F127; BASF).        .sup.(4) Pentadoxynol200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(5) Sodium stearate (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(6) Sobica Deofresh RH 1160 Mod (Takasago).                         

The sodium bicarbonate is dissolved in the water with heating to form anaqueous solution.

The triclosan and Poloxomer 407 are added to the propylene glycol, andthe mixture is heated to 90° C. The Part 3 ingredients are added to thepropylene glycol, and heating at 90°-105° C. is maintained until asolution is formed.

The propylene glycol solution and aqueous solution are blended, and thecolorant and fragrance ingredients are blended with the liquid medium(65°-70° C.).

The fluid blend is poured into Plastek 2 oz. bottom-fill cosmetic stickcontainers. The container contents are cooled to a room temperaturesolid stick over a period of 45 minutes. The solid stick is translucentin light transmitting appearance, and has an average hardness value of2.4 millimeters (ASTM Method 217-94).

EXAMPLE II

This Example illustrates the preparation of a translucent deodorantcosmetic stick product in accordance with the present invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Part 1                                                                        D.I. water         50.00                                                      sodium bicarbonate.sup.(1)                                                                       5.00                                                       Part 2                                                                        propylene glycol   31.22                                                      Irgasan DP300.sup.(2)                                                                            0.28                                                       Poloxomer 407.sup.(3)                                                                            4.00                                                       Part 3                                                                        Clarit PDP-200.sup.(4)                                                                           2.50                                                       OP-100V.sup.(5)    5.00                                                       Part 4                                                                        D&C Green #5 (0.1% solution)                                                                     0.50                                                       fragrance.sup.(6)  1.50                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.(1) Grade 3 (Church & Dwight Co.).                                       .sup.(2) Triclosan (CibaGeigy).                                               .sup.(3) Polyoxyethylenepropylene block polymer (Pluronic F127; BASF).        .sup.(4) Pentadoxynol200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(5) Sodium stearate (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(6) Sobica Deofresh RH 1160 Mod (Takasago).                         

The sodium bicarbonate is dissolved in the water with heating to form anaqueous solution.

The triclosan and Poloxomer 407 are added to the propylene glycol, andthe mixture is heated to 90° C. The Part 3 ingredients are added to thepropylene glycol, and heating at 90°-105° C. is maintained until asolution is formed.

The propylene glycol solution and aqueous solution are blended, and thecolorant and fragrance ingredients are blended with the liquid medium(65°-70° C.).

The fluid blend is poured into Plastek 2 oz. bottom-fill cosmetic stickcontainers. The container contents are cooled to a room temperaturesolid stick over a period of 45 minutes. The solid stick is translucentin light transmitting appearance, and has an average hardness value of2.6 millimeters (ASTM Method 217-94).

EXAMPLE III

This Example illustrates the preparation of a transparent deodorantcosmetic stick product in accordance with the present invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Part 1                                                                        D.I. water         40.00                                                      sodium bicarbonate.sup.(1)                                                                       3.50                                                       Part 2                                                                        propylene glycol   38.77                                                      dipropylene glycol 3.00                                                       Irgasan DP300.sup.(2)                                                                            0.28                                                       Poloxomer 1307.sup.(3)                                                                           5.00                                                       Part 3                                                                        Clarit PDP-200.sup.(4)                                                                           3.00                                                       OP-100V.sup.(5)    5.00                                                       Part 4                                                                        D&C Green #5 (0.1% solution)                                                                     0.50                                                       fragrance.sup.(6)  1.45                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.(1) Grade 3 (Church & Dwight Co.).                                       .sup.(2) Triclosan (CibaGeigy).                                               .sup.(3) Polyoxyethylenepropylene block polymer of ethylenediamine            (Tetronic 1307; BASF).                                                        .sup.(4) Pentadoxynol200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(5) Sodium stearate (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(6) Sobica Deofresh RH 1160 Mod (Takasago).                         

The ingredients are blended in the manner described in Example I to forma batch of packaged cosmetic stick products.

The solid stick is transparent in light transmitting appearance, and hasan average hardness value of 2.9 millimeters (ASTM Method D217-94).

EXAMPLE IV

This Example illustrates the preparation of a translucent deodorantcosmetic stick product in accordance with the present invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Part 1                                                                        D.I. water         35.00                                                      sodium bicarbonate.sup.(1)                                                                       3.50                                                       Part 2                                                                        propylene glycol   47.77                                                      Irgasan DP300.sup.(2)                                                                            0.28                                                       GE SF-1288.sup.(3) 2.00                                                       Poloxomer 1307.sup.(4)                                                                           2.00                                                       Part 3                                                                        Clarit PDP-200.sup.(5)                                                                           2.50                                                       OP-100V.sup.(6)    5.00                                                       Part 4                                                                        D&C Green #5 (0.1% solution)                                                                     0.50                                                       fragrance.sup.(6)  1.45                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.(1) Grade 3 (Church & Dwight Co.).                                       .sup.(2) Triclosan (CibaGeigy).                                               .sup.(3) Hydrophilic dimethicone copolyol.                                    .sup.(4) Polyoxyethylenepropylene polymer (Pluronic F127; BASF).              .sup.(5) Pentadoxynol200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(6) Sodium stearate (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(7) Sobica Deofresh RH 1160 Mod (Takasago).                         

The ingredients are blended in the manner described in Example I to forma batch of packaged cosmetic stick products.

The solid stick is transparent in light transmitting appearance, and hasan average hardness value of 2.8 millimeters (ASTM Method D217-94).

EXAMPLE V

This Example illustrates the preparation of a transparent deodorantcosmetic stick product in accordance with the present invention.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Part 1                                                                        D.I. water         42.00                                                      sodium bicarbonate.sup.(1)                                                                       3.50                                                       Part 2                                                                        propylene glycol   34.27                                                      glycerin           5.00                                                       Irgasan DP300.sup.(2)                                                                            0.28                                                       GE SF-1288.sup.(3) 2.00                                                       Poloxamine 1502.sup.(4)                                                                          2.00                                                       Part 3                                                                        Clarit PDP-200.sup.(5)                                                                           4.00                                                       OP-100V.sup.(6)    5.00                                                       Part 4                                                                        D&C Green #5 (0.1% solution)                                                                     0.50                                                       fragrance.sup.(7)  1.45                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.(1) Grade 3 (Church & Dwight Co.).                                       .sup.(2) Triclosan (CibaGeigy).                                               .sup.(3) Hydrophilic dimethicone copolyol.                                    .sup.(4) Polyoxyethylenepropylene block polymer of ethylene diamine           (Tetronic 1502; BASF).                                                        .sup.(5) Pentadoxynol200 (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(6) Sodium stearate (RTD Chemicals Corp.).                               .sup.(7) Sobica Deofresh RH 1160 Mod (Takasago).                         

The ingredients are blended in the manner described in Example I to forma batch of packaged cosmetic stick products.

The solid stick is transparent in light transmitting appearance, and hasan average hardness value of 3.1 millimeters (ASTM Method D217-94).

What is claimed is:
 1. A deodorant cosmetic stick product withtransparency which comprises (1) about 0.1-8 weight percent of alkalimetal bicarbonate ingredient, (2) about 40-70 weight percent ofpolyhydric alcohol ingredient, (3) about 1-8 weight percent ofhydrophilic polyoxyalkylene block polymer clarifier-surfactantingredient, (4) about 2-8 weight percent of C₁₄ -C₂₂ fatty acid saltingredient, and (5) about 10-80 weight percent of water; wherein thedeodorant stick product has a penetration value between about 2.0-8.0.2. A deodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 which istranslucent.
 3. A deodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1which is transparent.
 4. A deodorant stick product in accordance withclaim 1 wherein the alkali metal bicarbonate ingredient is sodiumbicarbonate or potassium bicarbonate or a mixture thereof.
 5. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 wherein thepolyhydric alcohol ingredient is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, or any mixture thereof.6. A deodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 wherein theclarifier-surfactant ingredient has a water-solubility of at least abouttwo grams per one hundred grams of water at 25° C.
 7. A deodorant stickproduct in accordance with claim 1 wherein the clarifier-surfactantingredient is a poloxomer or poloxamine or a mixture thereof.
 8. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 wherein theclarifier-surfactant ingredient has a content between about 0.5-60weight percent of hydrophilic dimethicone copolyol, based on the totalweight of clarifier-surfactant ingredient.
 9. A deodorant stick productin accordance with claim 1 wherein the fatty acid salt ingredient is asodium, potassium, ammonium or amine salt or any mixture thereof.
 10. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 which additionallycontains between about 0.5-5 weight percent of Pentadoxynol-200.
 11. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 which additionallycontains between about 0.1-3 weight percent of fragrance.
 12. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 which additionallycontains between about 0.01-0.5 weight percent of a bacteriostat.
 13. Adeodorant stick product in accordance with claim 1 which has apenetration value between about 2.3-3.3.